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[矿业法规] JORC与NI 43-101标准的区别分析|The Distinctions Between JORC and NI 43-101 Standards

JackSee2025-06-23地质岩土37

## JORC与NI 43-101标准的区别分析|The Distinctions Between JORC and NI 43-101 Standards

### 概述|Overview

在矿产资源和矿业储量报告领域，JORC和NI 43-101是全球两大最受认可和广泛使用的标准。对于投资者、矿业公司以及相关专业人士来说，理解这两种标准之间的核心差异至关重要。本文旨在深入分析JORC和NI 43-101的主要区别，包括其地理适用性、监管机构、报告框架以及对“合格人员”的要求，旨在帮助读者更清晰地识别每种标准的优势和应用场景，从而做出更明智的决策。

![](https://img.cmc.cm/2025-06-23_193300.png)

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#### 1. 引言：全球矿业报告标准的基石 | Introduction: Cornerstones of Global Mining Reporting Standards

*   矿产资源与储量报告的重要性概述。
    *   Overview of the importance of mineral resource and reserve reporting.
*   JORC和NI 43-101作为国际主流标准的地位。
    *   The status of JORC and NI 43-101 as leading international standards.
*   简要指出理解两者区别的必要性。
    *   Briefly state the necessity of understanding the differences between the two.

#### 2. JORC标准详解|**Detailed Explanation of JORC Standard**

*   **全称与背景：** JORC Code，由澳大利亚和新西兰联合矿产资源储量委员会制定。
    *   **Full Name and Background:** JORC Code,developed by the Joint Ore Reserves Committee of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Australian Institute of Geoscientists and Minerals Council of Australia.
*   **地理适用性：** 主要在澳大利亚、新西兰以及与ASX（澳大利亚证券交易所）上市相关的国家广泛使用。
    *   **Geographical Applicability:** Widely used primarily in Australia,New Zealand,and countries associated with ASX (Australian Securities Exchange) listings.
*   **监管机构：** 由JORC委员会监督，其成员来自行业协会。
    *   **Regulatory Body:** Supervised by the JORC Committee,whose members are from industry associations.
*   **核心理念：** 强调“透明度、实质性和重要性”，允许一定程度的灵活性。
    *   **Core Philosophy:** Emphasizes "transparency,materiality,and competence," allowing for a degree of flexibility.
*   **“合格人员”（Competent Person）要求：** 必须是相关专业协会的成员，并拥有相关勘探、采矿或矿产经济评估的经验。
    *   **"Competent Person" Requirements:** Must be a member of a relevant professional association and possess experience in exploration,mining,or mineral economic evaluation.
*   **报告要求：** 通常要求在公开报告中包含一张检查表（Table 1），详细说明各项参数。
    *   **Reporting Requirements:** Typically requires a checklist (Table 1) in public reports detailing various parameters.

![](https://img.cmc.cm/2025-06-23_200800.png)

#### 3. NI 43-101标准详解|**Detailed Explanation of NI 43-101 Standard**

*   **全称与背景：** National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects，由加拿大证券管理局（CSA）制定。
    *   **Full Name and Background:** National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects,developed by the Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA).
*   **地理适用性：** 主要在加拿大（TSX、TSX-V等交易所）以及所有在加拿大上市的公司广泛使用。
    *   **Geographical Applicability:** Widely used primarily in Canada (TSX,TSX-V,etc. exchanges) and by all companies listed in Canada.
*   **监管机构：** 由加拿大证券管理局（CSA）进行强制性监管。
    *   **Regulatory Body:** Mandatory regulation by the Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA).
*   **核心理念：** 更侧重于投资者保护，对报告内容和格式有更严格的规定。
    *   **Core Philosophy:** More focused on investor protection,with stricter regulations on report content and format.
*   **“合格人员”（Qualified Person）要求：** 必须是相关专业协会或指定团体的成员，且必须拥有特定经验，并有能力在报告中承担个人责任。
    *   **"Qualified Person" Requirements:** Must be a member of a relevant professional association or designated body,must possess specific experience,and be capable of taking personal responsibility for the report.
*   **报告要求：** 强制要求提交独立的技术报告（Technical Report），该报告具有法律效力。
    *   **Reporting Requirements:** Mandatorily requires the submission of an independent Technical Report,which has legal implications.

#### 4. JORC与NI 43-101的关键区别对比|**Key Differences Between JORC and NI 43-101: A Comparative Analysis**

![](https://img.cmc.cm/2025-06-23_192304.png)

#### 5. 实测演示/应用场景分析

**Practical Demonstration / Application Scenario Analysis**

*   **公司上市选择：** 如果公司主要寻求在ASX上市，JORC标准是首选；如果目标是TSX或TSX-V，NI 43-101是强制要求。
    *   **Company Listing Choice:** If a company primarily seeks to list on ASX,JORC is preferred; if the target is TSX or TSX-V,NI 43-101 is mandatory.
*   **国际投资与合作：** 了解目标市场对报告标准的要求，避免不必要的合规风险。
    *   **International Investment and Collaboration:** Understand the reporting standard requirements of the target market to avoid unnecessary compliance risks.
*   **报告转换与兼容性：** 探讨从一个标准向另一个标准转换时的主要考虑因素和挑战。
    *   **Report Conversion and Compatibility:** Discuss key considerations and challenges when converting from one standard to another.

#### 6. 注意事项与未来展望

**Considerations and Future Outlook**

*   尽管存在差异，但两大标准在矿产分类（探明、控制、推断资源；证实、概略储量）上高度趋同，都遵循CRIRSCO（国际矿产储量报告标准委员会）框架。
    *   Despite differences,both standards highly converge in mineral classification (Measured,Indicated,Inferred Resources; Proved,Probable Reserves),both adhering to the CRIRSCO framework.
*   全球矿业报告标准趋同的趋势与挑战。
    *   Trends and challenges in the convergence of global mining reporting standards.
*   AI在协助报告合规性审查方面的潜力。
    *   The potential of AI in assisting with report compliance review.

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*   了解更多JORC信息请访问：[传送门](https://www.jorc.org/)
*   了解更多NI 43-101信息请访问：[传送门](https://www.osc.ca/en/industry/regulation/ni-43-101-standards-disclosure-mineral-projects)
*   探索更多采矿技术博客：[传送门](https://www.cmc.cm)

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